Development of a small DMFC bipolar plate stack for portable applications

The direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is regarded as a promising candidate in portable electronic power applications. Bipolar plate stacks were systematically studied by controlling the operating conditions, and by adjusting the stack structure design parameters, to develop more commercial DMFCs. The findings indicate that the peak power of the stack is influenced more strongly by the flow rate of air than by that of the methanol solution. Notably, the stack performance remains constant even as the channel depth is decreased from 1.0 to 0.6 mm, without loss of the performance in each cell. Furthermore, the specific power density of the stack was increased greatly from ∼60 to ∼100 W l⁻¹ for stacks of 10 and 18 cells, respectively. The current status of the work indicates that the power output of an 18-cell short stack reaches 33 W in air at 70 °C. The outer dimensions of this 18-cell short stack are only 80 mm × 80 mm × 51 mm, which are suitable for practical applications in 10–20 W DMFC portable systems.     

Bionic Design and Simulation Analysis of Energy-Efficient and Vibration-Damping Walking Mechanism

节能减振步行机构的仿生设计及仿真分析

张锐¹,庞浩¹,何远^1,2,韩佃雷¹,文立阁³,江磊⁴,李建桥¹

（1. 吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春 130022;

2. 长春长光睿视光电技术有限责任公司,长春 130102;

3. 吉林大学 机械与航天工程学院,长春 130022;

4. 中国北方车辆研究所,北京 100072）

摘要：非洲鸵鸟能以60 km/h的速度持续奔跑30分钟,其后肢结构具有优良的节能、减振性能。为实现腿式机器人高效节能、缓冲减振的腿部机构的设计,根据鸵鸟跗骨间关节的被动回弹特性以及腿部的输出刚度可变特性,结合鸵鸟后肢结构的比例和尺寸,设计出了仿生刚-柔复合腿式机器人单腿结构。并且利用ADAMS软件模拟了仿生机械腿的运动。通过运动仿真分析,研究了内弹簧刚度系数在一定范围内的变化对机身质心垂直加速度以及电机功耗的影响,获得最佳的内弹簧刚度系数为200 N/mm,并进一步验证了内外弹簧机制能够有效地降低机械腿的能耗。仿真结果表明,采用内外弹簧机制能够有效降低电机约72.49%能耗。

关键词：工程仿生;仿生机械腿;被动回弹特性;刚-柔复合结构;节能减振

     

Analysis on the gear-shifting schedule of hydraulic automatic transmission

With an advanced foreign hydraulic automatic transmission as the objective, an analytical method for the gear-shifting schedule is proposed. First the demanded maximum gradient of test is estimated. Then a test scheme and analytical procedure is formulated by initial test and hypothetical shift parameters. Finally through gear-shifting tests under different road conditions, load, accelerator pedal position limitation, throttle opening and output shaft speed are found to be the gear-shifting parameters. Under a common road condition, the gear-shifting schedule is a double-parameter schedule. Based on the driver''s demands on braking and dynamic performance, different shift schedules are made under downhill, uphill and quick releasing acceleration pedal conditions. The operation criteria of down-shift schedule on abrupt grade are proposed.     

嵌入式压力监测系统温漂误差精确补偿方法

设计了一个嵌入式特种车辆油缸压力实时监测系统。通过选用小型隔离膜片式压力传感器和高共模抑制比的测量放大电路实现了系统温度漂移误差硬补偿,利用微控制器实现B样条曲线拟合系统测量误差的软补偿算法。实验表明,通过软硬补偿算法的结合,整个系统的温漂非线性降低到满量程的0.05%之内,该监测系统已经在某型样车中使用。     

基于并行工程的武器装备测试性工作模型分析

针对武器装备常规测试性工作中存在的主要问题,基于系统工程理论的并行工程方法,提出了一种新的测试性工作方法,并建立了基于并行工程的装备测试性工作模型,用以指导测试性工作。通过对模型适用性分析表明,基于并行工程的测试性工作模型各个项目间有主次之分,工作重点突出,模型较为合理。     

The influence of corrosion on the life of steel ropes and prediction of their decommissioning

Operation of steel wire ropes brings a number of risks that affect their lifetime. During operation of steel ropes the one of the most adverse effects is the effect of corrosion. Manufacturers are working hard to eliminate the effect of corrosion by lubricating cables, surface protection of wires and alike, but these methods are not able eliminate corrosion rise and propagation totally. To examine the process of degradation of the mechanical properties of the steel ropes in the corrosive environment, we conducted research on a rope sample as a whole and on the samples of individual wires. The samples were exposed to the saline solution for a period of total duration of 64 days. The monitoring of the degradation was carried out at 16-day intervals when the samples were subjected to mechanical tests. The rope sample as a whole was subjected to the tensile test. The individual wire samples were subjected to the tensile test, alternating bend test and torsion test. The criteria according to the standard EN 12927-6 and the Slovak Mining Office Regulation (SBU) No. 50/1989 Coll. were used to evaluate the results of the degradation of the mechanical properties. These were then confronted with the criteria used in maritime shipping. Based on the results of the mechanical tests, the trend of the degradation of the mechanical properties in the saline solution and marginal values for the rope decommissioning were determined. Gradually, with an increase of the impact of corrosion on the rope samples, the impact on rope rotation resistivity was also registered, besides the mechanical properties changes.     

Analysis of workload of tank crew under the conditions of informatization

A consensus has been reached that the tanks need to be integrated into the informatization battlefield. With the development of technology, the tank crew has being gradually decreased, so the research on two-soldier crew tank has become a hotspot. The workload of tank crew under the conditions of informatization is analyzed based on the combat mission of tank and the typical combat scenarios, and the impact of new technologies on workload is evaluated. The crew members in tank can be reduced from three to two, but it is necessary to substantially improve the automation of target search and the reliability of each subsystem and component.     

特种车辆油气弹簧漏气故障的识别与预测

针对特种车辆实现基于状态的维修和自主保障需求,首次对特种车辆悬挂系统的核心部件油气弹簧进行了基于数据驱动方法的状态识别和故障预测研究。对油气弹簧的主要故障模式和机理进行了分析,针对发生频率最高的漏气故障,提出了一种适用于不同工况下的基于相同位移下气压变化的特征提取方法。提出了一种基于支持向量分类机和回归机的故障识别和预测框架,采用该框架能适应实车应用环境的要求,无需增加额外传感器,只利用车辆现有的测试环境就能实现油气弹簧漏气故障的实时监测和预防性维护,与其他基于振动信号的方法相比更具有实用性。在试验室内进行了模拟状态退化试验,利用采集的数据验证了方法的可行性,可用于特种车辆油气悬架的在线状态监控和预测。     

坦克装甲车辆技术发展新动向和发展重点

论述了美国终止未来战斗系统(FCS)项目后,世界坦克装甲车辆技术发展的新动向,并结合我国相关的技术发展实际情况针对性地提出了一些发展重点建议.     

车辆智能悬挂发展现状与研究思路探讨

在分析车辆各类智能悬挂系统实现方案及技术特点的基础上,提出了基于路面预瞄的电磁混合悬挂技术是未来车辆智能悬挂技术的发展方向与研究主线,而路面不平度预瞄技术-电磁混合悬挂技术-复合控制方法与高效算法是车辆智能悬挂走向实用必须克服的3个关键技术.